|subdivision_type1 Central city |subdivision_name1 Hanoi |parts_type Districts of Vietnam |parts_stylepara |p1 29 |government_type |leader_title |leader_name Pham Quang Nghi |leader_title1 Partys Secretary |leader_name1 Ngo Thi Doan Thanh |leader_title2 Peoples Councils President |leader_name2 Nguyen The Thao |leader_title3 Peoples Committees President |leader_name3 |established_title Founded, Capital of the Đại Việt Kingdom |established_date 1010 |established_title2 Capital of Vietnam |established_date2 September 2, 1945 |area_total_km2 3344.7 |area_urban_km2 186.22 |population_as_of 2009 |population_note |population_total 6,500,000 |population_rank List of cities in Vietnam |population_density_km2 auto |population_urban |timezone ICT |utc_offset +7 |postal_code_type |postal_code 10000 |website http://www.hanoi.gov.vn hanoi.gov.vn] |footnotes }} Hanoi (Vietnamese language Hà Nội) estimated population nearly 6.5 million (2009),lt;/ref> is the Capital (political) and second-largest city of Vietnam From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam. It was eclipsed by Huế during the Nguyễn Dynasty as the capital of Vietnam, but Hanoi served as the capital of French Indochina from 1902 to 1954. From 1954 to 1976, it was the capital of North Vietnam The city is located on the right bank of the Red River (Vietnam) Hanoi is located at north of Ho Chi Minh City October 2010 will officially mark 1000 years of the establishment of the city. On this occasion, Hanoi has been named by Frommers travel guide as one of the worlds "Top Destinations 2010".lt;/ref>

History

File:Tượng Lý Thái Tổ 2.jpg made Thăng Long (today Hanoi) the capital city in the 11th century]] File:Tháp Rùa 6.jpg in Hoan Kiem Lake in central Hanoi]] File:Hanoi rue Paul Bert.jpg File:Panorama of Hanoi.jpg Hanoi has been inhabited since at least 3000 BC. One of the first known permanent settlements is the Co Loa Citadel (Cổ Loa) founded around 200 BC. Hanoi has had many names throughout history, all of them of Sino-Vietnamese origin. During the Chinese domination of Vietnam, it was known as Tống Bình (wikt:宋 wikt:平|平]]) and later Long Đỗ (wikt:龍 wikt:肚|肚]]; literally "dragons belly"). In 866, it was turned into a citadel and was named Đại La (wikt:大 wikt:羅|羅]]). In 1010, Ly Thai To the first ruler of the Lý Dynasty moved the capital of Đại Việt (wikt:大越 the Great Viet then the name of Vietnam) to the site of the Đại La Citadel. Claiming to have seen a dragon ascending the Red River, he renamed it Thăng Long (wikt:昇龍 Ascending dragon - a name still used poetically to this day. It remained the capital of Vietnam until 1397, when the capital was moved to Thanh Hóa also known as Tây Đô (wikt:西 wikt:都|都]], Western Capital. Thăng Long then became Đông Đô (wikt:東 wikt:都|都]], Eastern Capital. In 1408, Chinese Ming Dynasty attacked and occupied Vietnam, then they renamed Đông Đô as Đông Quan (wikt:東 wikt:關|關]], Eastern Gateway. In 1428, Vietnamese overthrown the Chinese under the leadership of Lê Lợi who later founded the posterior Lê Dynasty and renamed Đông Quan as Đông Kinh (wikt:東 wikt:京|京]], Eastern Capital- the name known to Europeans as Tonkin The same characters are used for Tokyo, Japan). Right after the end of Tây Sơn Dynasty it was named Bắc Thành (wikt:北 wikt:城|城]], Northern Citadel. In 1802, when the Nguyễn Dynasty was established and then moved the capital down to Huế the name of Thăng Long (昇 龍, "ascending dragon") was modified to become different Thăng Long (昇 隆, to ascend and flourish ). In 1831 the Nguyễn emperor Minh Mạng renamed it "Hà Nội" (wikt:河 wikt:内|内]], can be translated as Between Riversor River Interior . Hanoi was occupied by the French in 1873 and passed to them ten years later. It became the capital of French Indochina after 1887. The city was occupied by the Japanese in 1940, and liberated in 1945, when it briefly became the seat of the Viet Minh government after Ho Chi Minh proclaimed the independence of Vietnam. But the French came back and reoccupied the city in 1946. After nine years of fighting between the French and Viet Minh forces, Hanoi became the capital of an independent Democratic Republic of Vietnam in 1954. During the Vietnam War Hanois transportation facilities were disrupted by the bombing of bridges and railways, which were, however, promptly repaired. Following the end of the war, Hanoi became the capital of Vietnam when North and South Vietnam were reunited on July 2, 1976. On May 29, 2008, it was decided that Ha Tay Province Vĩnh Phúc Province s Mê Linh district and 4 communes of Lương Sơn District Hoa Binh is merged into the metropolitan area of Hanoi from August 1, 2008.lt;/ref> Hanois total area increased to 334,470 hectares divided into 29 subdivisionslt;/ref> with the new population being 6,232,940. The Hanoi Capital Region (, a metropolitan area covering Hanoi and 6 surrounding provinces under planning will have an area of 13,436 square kilometers with a population of 15 million by 2020. "http://vietnamnet.vn/xahoi/2008/03/772387/ VietNamNet - Vùng Thủ đô Hà Nội sẽ rộng 13.436km2, gồm 8 tỉnh, TP]", vietnamnet.vn. On August 1, 2008, Hanoi absorbed the neighboring province of Ha Tay, Vĩnh Phúcs Mê Linh district, and four communes from Lương Sơn, Hoa Binh Province effectively tripling its size.

Climate

File:Hanoi SPOT 1120.jpg Hanoi features a warm humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cwa with plentiful precipitation. The city experiences the typical climate of northern Vietnam, where summers are hot and humid, and winters are, by national standards, relatively cool and dry. Summers, lasting from May to September, are hot and humid, receiving the majority of the annual of rainfall. The winters are short, relatively dry, and mild, while spring can bring light rains. lt;/ref> |dateAugust 2010 }}

Education

File:DHYDuoc.jpg ] File:HUT students in ao dai.jpg students wearing áo dài ] Hanoi, as the capital of French Indochina, was home to the first Western-style universities in Indochina, including: Indochina Medical College(1902) - now Hanoi Medical University Indochina University(1904) - now Vietnam National University, Hanoi and École Supérieure des Beaux-Arts de LIndochine (1925) - now Hanoi College of Fine Arts After the Communist Party took control over Hanoi in 1954 with support from the Soviet Union, many new universities were built, among them, Hanoi University of Technology remains the largest technical university in Vietnam. Hanoi is the largest centre of education in Vietnam. It is estimated that 62% of the scientists in the whole country are living and working in Hanoi.lt;/ref> Admissions to undergraduate study are through entrance examinations, which are conducted annually and open for everyone (who has successfully completed his/her secondary education) in the country. The majority of universities in Hanoi are public, although in recent years a number of private universities have started their operation. Thăng Long University founded in 1988, by some Vietnamese mathematics professors in Hanoi and Francelt;/ref> is the first private university in Vietnam. Because many of Vietnams major universities are located in Hanoi, students from other provinces (especially in the northern part of the country) wishing to enter university often travel to Hanoi for the annual entrance examination. Such events often take place in June and July, during which a large number of students and their families converge on the city for several weeks around this intense examination period. In recent years, these entrance exams have been centrally coordinated by the Ministry of Education, but passing marks are decided independently by each university. Although there are state owned kindergarten , there are also many private ventures that serve both local and international needs. Pre-tertiary (elementary and secondary) schools in Hanoi are generally state run although there are some independent schools. Education is equivalent to the K–12 system in the US, with Primary education between grades 1 and 5, middle school (or junior high) between grades 6 and 9, and high school from grades 10 to 12.

Landmarks

File:Hanoi citadel 2.jpg from inside (19th century)]] As the capital of Vietnam for almost a thousand years, Hanoi is considered to be one of cultural centres of Vietnam, where most of Vietnamese dynasties had left behind their imprint. Even though some relics have not survived through wars and time, the city still has many interesting cultural and historic monuments for visitors and residents alike. Even when the nations capital moved to Huế under the Nguyễn Dynasty in 1802, the city of Hanoi continued to flourish, especially after the French took control in 1888 and modeled the citys architecture to their tastes, lending an important aesthetic to the citys rich stylistic heritage. The city boasts more than 1,000 years of history, and that of the past few hundred years has been well preserved.lt;/ref> Hanoi hosts more cultural sites than any city in Vietnam, including over 600 pagodas and temples.lt;/ref>

Old Quarter

File:Temple of Literature - main gate.jpg File:Ho hoan kiem.jpg The Old Quarter, near Hoan Kiem lake, has the original street layout and architecture of old Hanoi. At the beginning of the 20th century the city consisted of only about 36 streets, most of which are now part of the old quarter. Each street then had merchants and households specialized in a particular trade, such as silk traders, jewellery, etc. The street names nowadays still reflect these specializations, although few of them remain exclusively in their original commerce. The area is famous for its small artisans and merchants, including many silk shops. Local cuisine specialties as well as several clubs and bars can be found here also. A night market (near Đồng Xuân market) in the heart of the district opens for business every Friday, Saturday, and Sunday evening with a variety of clothing, souvenirs and food. Some others prominent places are: The Temple of Literature (Văn Miếu, site of the oldest university in Vietnam 1070; One Pillar Pagoda (Chùa Một Cột; Flag Tower of Hanoi (Cột cờ Hà Nội. In 2004, a massive part of the 900 year old Hanoi Citadel was discovered in central Hanoi, near the site of Ba Dinh square.lt;/ref>

Lakes

A city between the rivers, built from lowland, Hanoi has many scenic lakes and sometime is called "city of lakes". Among its lakes, the most famous are Hoan Kiem Lake West Lake, Hanoi Halais Lake (Hồ Thiền Quangin Vietnamese), and Bay Mau Lake West Lake (Hồ Tây) is a popular place for people to spend time. It is the largest lake in Hanoi and there are many temples in the area. There are small boats for hire and a floating restaurant.

Colonial Hanoi

File:Hanoi residence.JPG File:Bao tang lich su.jpg Under French rule, as an administrative centre for the French colony of Indochina, the French colonial architecture style became dominant, many examples remain today: the tree-lined boulevards (e.g. Phan Dinh Phung street) and its many villas and mansions, Hanoi Opera House State Bank of Vietnam (formerly The Bank of Indochina), Presidential Palace, Hanoi (formerly Palace of the Governor-General of French Indochina), Saint Joseph Cathedral (Hanoi) and the historic Sofitel Metropole Many of the colonial structures are an eclectic mixture of French and traditional Vietnamese architectural styles, such as the National Museum of Vietnamese History, the Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts and the old Indochina Medical College.

Museums

Hanoi is also home to a number of museums: * National Museum of Vietnamese History * Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts * Vietnam Museum of Ethnology * Vietnam Museum of Revolution * Hanoi Hilton * Ho Chi Minh Museum * Contemporary Arts Centre * Vietnam Military History Museum * The Hanoi Museum (currently under construction until 2010)

Entertainment

File:Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre2.JPG A variety of options for entertainment in Hanoi can be found throughout the city. Modern and traditional theaters, cinemas, karaoke bars, dance clubs, bowling alleys, and an abundance of opportunities for shopping provide leisure activity for both locals and tourists. Hanoi has been named as one of the top 10 cities for shopping in Asia by Smart Travel Asia.lt;/ref> The number of art galleries exhibiting Vietnamese art has sky rocketed in recent years. Among them are renowed ones such as "Nhat Huy" of Huynh Thong Nhat A popular traditional form of entertainment is water puppetry which is shown for example at the Thăng Long Water Puppet Theatre

Shopping

With its rapid growth and extremely high population density several modern shopping centers have been built in Hanoi. Major centers include: * Trang Tien Plaza Hoan Kiem District * Vincom City Towers Ba Trieu Street, Hai Ba Trung District * Ruby Plaza 44 Le Ngoc Han Street, Hai Ba Trung District * Parkson Department Store, Tây Sơn Street, Viet Tower, Dong Da District * Big C Thăng Long Supercenter, Cau Giay District * Metro AG Tu Liem District * The Garden Mall Me Tri - My Dinh Tu Liem District * Vincom Shopping Galleries Vincom Park Place Hai Ba Trung District * Ciputra Mall Ciputra urban area, Tay Ho District (currently under construction) * Yen So Shopping Mall Hoang Mai, Hanoi District (currently under construction)

Cuisine

File:Banh cuon Thanh Tri.jpg Thanh Tri dish]] Hanoi has rich food traditions and many of Vietnams most famous dishes, such as phở chả cá bánh cuốn and cốm are thought to come from Hanoi. Perhaps most widely known is Phở, a simple rice noodle soup often eaten as a breakfast dish in the home or at streetside cafes, but also served in restaurants as a meal. Two varieties dominate the Hanoi scene: Phở Bò, containing beef, and Phở Gà, containing chicken. Hanoi has been selected as one of the top 10 cities for food in the world by Shermans Travel.http://www.shermanstravel.com/top_tens/Cities_For_Foodies/Hanoi.asp Top 10 Cities for Foodies] Vietnams national dish Phở has been also named as one of the Top5 streetfood in the world by globalpost.lt;/ref>

Population

File:ao dai APEC.jpg during APEC Summit 2006]] Hanois population is constantly growing (about 3.5% per yearlt;/ref>), a reflection of the fact that the city is both a major metropolitan area of Northern Vietnam, and also the countrys political centre. This population growth also puts a lot of pressure onto the infrastructure some of which is antiquated and dates back from the early 20th century. The number of Hanoians who settled down for more than three generations is likely to be very small as compared to the overall population of the city. Even in the Old Quarter, where commerce started hundreds years ago and was mostly a family business, many of the street-front stores nowadays are owned by merchants and retailers from other provinces. The original owner family may have either rented out the store and moved to live further inside the house, or just moved out of the neighbourhood altogether. The pace of change has especially escalated after the abandonment of central-planning economic policies, and relaxing of the district-based household registrar system. Hanois telephone numbers have been increased to 8 digits to cope with demand (October 2008). Subscribers Telephone numbers have been changed in a haphazard way.

Transportation

File:IMG 0025-1.jpg Hanoi is served by Noi Bai International Airport located in the Soc Son District, approximately north of Hanoi. Noi Bai is the only international airport for the northern regions of Vietnam. Hanoi will have additionally another international airport, which will cost $8 billion, being the highest foreign investment so far in the history of Vietnam.lt;/ref> It will be the become the largest and the most modern airport in Asia. The construction will be carried out in three stages,the first phase will start in 2011 until 2015. There are two main highways linking the airport and city. The route to the city via Thăng Long Bridge is more direct than Highway 1, which runs along the outskirts of the city. The main highways are shared by cars, motor scooters, with separate lanes by the side for bicycles. Taxis are plentiful and usually have trip meters, although it is also common to agree on the trip price before taking a taxi from airport to the city centre. Tourists also sometimes tour the city on Cycle rickshaw especially in the Old Quarter Hanoi is also the origin departure point for many Vietnam Railways train routes in the country. The North-South Railway, Vietnam (tàu Thống Nhất) runs from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City from Hanoi station (formerly Hang Co station), with stops at cities and provinces along the line. Trains also depart Hanoi frequently for Hai Phong and other northern cities. The main means of transport within the city are motorbikes, buses, taxis, and bicycles. Motorbikes remain the most common way to move around the city. Public buses run on many routes and fare can be purchased on the bus. For short trips, "xe ôm" (literally, "hug vehicle") motorcycle taxis are available where the passenger sits at the rear of a motorbike.

Economy

File:Farms outside Hanoi.jpg Hanoi has the highest Human Development Index among the cities in Vietnam. According to a recent ranking by PricewaterhouseCoopers Hanoi will be the fastest growing city in the world in term of GDP growth from 2008 to 2025.lt;/ref> Industrial production in the city has experienced a rapid boom since the 1990s, with average annual growth of 19.1 percent from 1991–95, 15.9 percent from 1996–2000, and 20.9 percent during 2001–2003. In addition to eight existing industrial parks, Hanoi is building five new large-scale industrial parks and 16 small- and medium-sized industrial clusters. The non-state economic sector is expanding fast, with more than 48,000 businesses currently operating under the Enterprise Law (as of 3/2007).lt;!--Bot-generated title--> Trade is another strong sector of the city. In 2003, Hanoi had 2,000 businesses engaged in foreign trade, having established ties with 161 countries and territories. The citys export value grew by an average 11.6 percent each year from 1996–2000 and 9.1 percent during 2001–2003. The economic structure also underwent important shifts, with tourism finance and banking now playing an increasingly important role. Hanois business districts are traditionally Hoan Kiem and the neighborhood; and a newly developing Trung Hoa Nhan Chinh in the southwestern part. File:Hanoi tower.jpg is the tallest building in Vietnam]] Similar to Ho Chi Minh City Hanoi enjoys a rapidly developing real estate market.lt;/ref> The metropoliss economy growth does not seem correlative to its infrastructure. Overloading population requires a much larger supply of accommodations, while the constructing celerities of both transport system and new urban areas are too low.lt;/ref> Not surprisingly, as an effect of this problem, the apartment and real estate feveroccur severely during the time.lt;/ref> More widespread, the fever even influences Ha Tay the neighboring province, considered the future development space of the capital.lt;!--Bot-generated title--> The current most notable new urban areas are central Trung Hoa Nhan Chinh, My Dinh the luxurious zones of The Manor (Hanoi) and Ciputra (Hanoi) Agriculture, previously a pillar in Hanois economy, has striven to reform itself, introducing new high-yield plant varieties and livestock, and applying modern farming techniques. Together with economic growth, Hanois appearance has also changed significantly, especially in recent years. Infrastructure is constantly being upgraded, with new roads and an improved public transportation system.

Sport centers

File:my dinh stadium.jpg There are several gymnasiums and stadiums throughout the city of Ha Noi. The biggest ones are My Dinh National Stadium (Le Duc Tho Boulevard), Quan Ngua Sporting Palace (Van Cao Avenue), Hanoi Water Sport Complex and My Dinh Indoor Athletics Gymnasium The others include Ha Noi stadium (as known as Hang Day stadium). 2009 Asian Indoor Games was held at Hanoi in 2009.

Health care and other facilities

Some medical facilities in Hanoi: *Bach Mai Hospital *Viet Duc Hospital *Saint Paul Hospital *108 Hospital *L'Hôpital Français De Hanoï *International SOS

Districts

Hanoi is divided into 10 inner districts, 1 town and 18 outer districts.lt;/ref> ( Hà Đông has been transform to an inner district, and Sơn Tây has been degraded to a town) | class"wikitable" |- style"font-size:120%;" !colspan5| Subdivisions of Hanoi |- ! Provincial Cities/Districts !! Wards !! Area (km²) !! Population |- | colspan5 | 1 town |- | Sơn Tây (West of the Mountain) || 15 || 113.474 || 181,831 |- | colspan5 | 10 Urban Districts (Quận) |- | Ba Dinh (Three Temples) || 14 || 9.224 || 228,352 |- | Cau Giay (Paper Bridge) || 8 || 12.04 || 147,000 |- | Dong Da || 21 || 9.96 || 352,000 |- | Hai Ba Trung district (The Trung sisters) || 20 || 14.6 || 378,000 |- | Hà Đông (East Bank of the River) || 17 || 47.917 || 198,687 |- | Hoan Kiem (Sword Recurrent) || 18 || 5.29 || 178,073 |- | Hoang Mai (Yellow Plum || 14 || 41.04 || 216,277 |- | Long Bien (Dragon Fin) || 14 || 60.38 || 170,706 |- | Tay Ho (West Lake) || 8 || 24 || 115,163 |- | Thanh Xuan (Green Spring/Youth) || 11 || 9.11 || 185,000 |- | Subtotal || 145 || 233.56 || 2,178,258 |- | colspan5 | 18 Rural Districts (Huyện) |- | Ba Vi || 31 + 1 town || 428.0 || 242,600 (1999) |- | Chuong My || 30 + 2 towns || 232.9 || 261,000 (1999) |- | Dan Phuong || 15 + 1 town || 76.8 || 124,900 |- | Dong Anh || 23 + 1 town || 182.3 || 276,750 |- | Gia Lam || 20 + 2 towns || 114.0 || 205,275 |- | Hoai Duc || 19 + 1 town || 95.3 || 188,800 |- | Mê Linh || 16 + 2 towns || 141.26 || 187,536 (2008) |- | My Duc || 21 + 1 town || 230.0 || 167,700 (1999) |- | Phu Xuyen || 26 + 2 towns || 171.1 || 181,500 |- | Phuc Tho || 25 + 1 town || 113.2 || 154,800 (2001) |- | Quoc Oai || 20 + 1 town || 136.0 (2001) || 146,700 (2001) |- | Soc Son || 25 + 1 town || 306.51 || 254,000 |- | Thach That || 22 + 1 town || 128.1 || 149,000 (2003) |- | Thanh Oai || 20 + 1 town || 129.6 || 142,600 (1999) |- | Thanh Tri (Green Ponds) || 15 + 1 town || 98.22 || 241,000 |- | Thuong Tin || 28 + 1 town || 127.7 || 208,000 |- | Tu Liem || 15 + 1 town || 75.32 || 240,000 |- | Ung Hoa || 28 + 1 town || 183.72 || 193,731 (2005) |- | Subtotal || 399 + 22 towns || 3,266.186 || 3,872,851 |- | Total || 559 + 22 towns || 3,344.47 || 6,232,940 |}

International relations

:See also: [[List of twin towns and sister cities in Asia#Vietnam|List of twin towns and sister cities in Vietnam]]

Twin towns — Sister cities

Hanoi is Twin towns and sister cities with: *Hong Kong *Ankara Turkey *Warsaw Polandlt;/ref> *Toulouse France *Bangkok Thailand *Fukuoka Prefecture Japan *Moscow, Russialt;/ref> *Beijing People's Republic of China *Manila Philippines *Seoul South Korea

Gallery

File:IMG 0022-1.jpg|Tháp Bút(Pen Tower) with a phrase "Tả thanh thiên (meaning "Write on the sky") next to Hoàn Kiếm Lake (2007) File:javatuan_golden_hanoi.jpg|Golden Hanoi File:javatuan_hanoi_spring.jpg|Spring is out there (Hanoi old quarter) File:javatuan_hanoi_window.jpg|Open window of an old house, Nguyen Sieu street File:javatuan_hanoi_winter_window.jpg|Winter window "Nghe bâng khuâng mùa đông, mùa đông, ô cửa sổ xa vắng File:Hanoi temple de la litterature 1.jpg|The Temple of Literature File:EOS_6341_raw.jpg|The Temple of Literature steles with names of those successful at the imperial exams File:EOS_6351_raw2.jpg|The Temple of Literature main hall File:Chua Mot Cot.jpg|One Pillar Pagoda File:Presidential Palace Hanoi 388606781 40a24f0ceb.jpg|Presidential Palace, Hanoi (formerly Place of The Governor-General of French Indochina) image:vietnam national convention center.jpg|Vietnam National Convention Center on Pham Hung Boulevard image:Hanoi_Oper.jpg|Hanoi Opera House image: Bacbophu.jpg|State Guest House image:CathedraleSTJosephHanoi.jpg|The cathedral St-Joseph File:Hoan_Kiem_Lake_BW.jpg|Hoan Kiem Lake image:bao_tang_my_thuat.jpg|National Museum of Fine Art image:bao_tang_lich_su.jpg|National Museum of History |Long Bien bridge image:Le thai to street hanoi.jpg|A busy street image:Ho chi minh mausoleum 2.jpg|Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum image:ha_noi_from_nikko.jpg|Park of Reunification (former Lenin park) image:Sen_hanoi.jpg|Selling Nelumbo nucifera flowers in the street File:LongBienBridgeHanoi1.jpg|Long Biên Bridge seen from a rural island looking towards the city centre File:OldHanoiStreetScene1.jpg|Hanois Old Quarter on the eve of Tết File:LyThaiToStatueHanoi1.jpg|Statue of Lý Thái Tổ emperor and dynasty founder File:HanoiHiltonKelisi1.jpg|Hỏa Lò, or the "Hanoi Hilton" File:Hanoi_cho_dong_xuan.jpg|Dong Xuan Market File:Hanoi_ho_hoan_kiem.jpg|Hoan Kiem lake File:Hanoi_chua_tran_quoc_1.jpg|Tran Quoc pagoda File:Hanoi_chua_tran_quoc_2.jpg|Tran Quoc pagoda File:Hanoi_dhyk.jpg|Ha Nois University of Medicine File:Hanoi_van_mieu.jpg|Temple of literature File:Hanoi_familia.JPG|Hanoian family File:Hanoi_rain.JPG|Hanoian women cycling in the rain File:Langhoalac.jpg|Lang Hoa-Lac Highway

See also

*Capitals of Vietnam

References

;Bibliography * * ;Notes

External links

*http://www.hanoi.gov.vn/hanoien/ Official Site of Hanoi Government] *http://travel.nytimes.com/2007/02/18/travel/18hanoi.html An article in New York Times about Hanoi] *http://www.newhanoian.com/ NewHanoian.com - Community information with user-created content, interactive maps, and reviews] * Category:Capitals in Asia Category:Populated places in Hanoi Category:District capitals in Vietnam Category:Hanoi Category:Red River Delta Category:Provinces of Vietnam Category:1010 establishments Category:Populated places established in the 11th century Category:Port cities in Vietnam Category:Cities in Vietnam ace:Hanoi af:Hanoi am:ሀኖይ ar:هانوي (مدينة) an:Hanoi frp:Hanoi bn:হ্যানয় zh-min-nan:Hà Nội be:Горад Ханой be-x-old:Ханой bo:ཧེ་ནོ། bs:Hanoi bg:Ханой ca:Hanoi cv:Ханой cs:Hanoj cy:Hanoi da:Hanoi de:Hanoi et:Hanoi el:Ανόι es:Hanói eo:Hanojo eu:Hanoi fa:هانوی hif:Hanoi fr:Hanoï ga:Ha Noi gd:Hanoi gl:Hanoi - Hà Nội ko:하노이 hy:Հանոյ hi:हनोई hr:Hanoi io:Hanoi id:Hanoi ia:Hanoi os:Ханой is:Hanoí it:Hanoi he:האנוי jv:Hanoi pam:Hanoi ka:ჰანოი sw:Hanoi ht:Anòy ku:Hanoi la:Hanoi lv:Hanoja lb:Hanoi lt:Hanojus lmo:Hanoi hu:Hanoi mk:Ханој mr:हनोई arz:هانوى mzn:هانوی ms:Hanoi mn:Ханой nah:Hanoi nl:Hanoi ja:ハノイ no:Hanoi nn:Hanoi nov:Hanoi oc:Hanòi pnb:ہنوئی pap:Hanoi pms:Hanoi nds:Hanoi pl:Hanoi pt:Hanói ro:Hanoi qu:Hanoi ru:Ханой sah:Ханой sc:Hanoi stq:Hanoi scn:Hanoi simple:Hanoi sk:Hanoj sl:Hanoj sr:Ханој fi:Hanoi sv:Hanoi tl:Hà Nội ta:ஹனோய் th:ฮานอย tg:Ханой tr:Hanoi uk:Ханой ug:خانوي vi:Hà Nội war:Hanoi wuu:河內市 yo:Hanoi zh-yue:河內 zh:河內市